The native range of this species is Tropical Asia. It is a climbing subshrub and grows primarily in the wet tropical biome. It is has environmental uses and social uses, as animal food and a medicine and for food.

The native range of this species is N. & W. Madagascar. It is a tree and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical biome. It is has environmental uses, as animal food, a poison, a medicine and invertebrate food and for fuel and food.

The native range of this species is W. & SW. Europe to N. Morocco. It is a biennial or perennial and grows primarily in the temperate biome. It is has environmental uses, as a poison and a medicine and for food.