A 7th Ce tury Tesi o y O The Use Of Cera i Top- ar Hi es H V Ha issis and G. Ma of idis, G ee e Ha ala pos V Ha issis is an assistant p ofesso of “u ge and Geo gios Ma f of idis is an a haeologist and a eekeepe . Both a e passionate a out the histo and ethnolog of eekeeping in G ee e and the Easte n Medite anean. •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Fig. . G eek top a hi e as illust ated in “i Geo ge Whele ’s ook: A jou e i to G ee e pu lished T Cade an in London in . The t adiional asket top- a o a le- o hi es of G ee e, kno n as G eek eehi es , a e onside ed the fo e unne s of the ode n hi es ith o a le f a es that a e ainl used toda C ane, . The oldest kno n iten efe en es to top- a hi es a e those of the F en h do to Ja o “pon, and of the English onnoisseu and otanist “i Geo ge Whele , ho, du ing a joint t ip in , sa asket top- a hi es in use onks in a onaste on ount H etus, nea Athens. T o ea s late , “pon pu lished, in L on, the e oi s of his t a els, he e he in luded a sho t efe en e to these hi es. He as follo ed “i Geo ge Whele , ho, in his ook pu lished in , in luded an anal i al and length des ipion of the hi es as ell as a d a ing ig. . The i ke top- a hi es of Ai a a e also enioned Cha les Tho pson . His t a els ho e e , p o ed to e i ional and as fa as the hi es of H etus a e on e ned, he see s to e op ing Whele Ma of idis, . In A ot Della Ro a f o “ os ased on tesi onies of othe s, des i ed the o en top- a hi es hi h e e used in his i e on the island of C ete. The e also e ist th ee o e efe en es to top- a asket hi es f o the th entu Galt, ; Coton, ; Benton, . All of the a o e efe en es on e n o en top- a hi es. He e e p esent a uni ue – and thus fa unkno n in eekeeping lite atu e – testi on of a e a i a iant of the t adiional top- a hi es used in G ee e that onsitutes the oldest kno n tesi on to su h a p a i e. In the losing ea s of the se enteenth entu a ea -old efugee alled )uanne Papadopoli, ho had led │Bee Wo ld│“epte e f o his ho eland in C ete efo e its on uest the Oto ans in , de ided to ite his e oi s in his adopted it of Padua. L’o io Ti e of Leisu e , as he na ed his anus ipt, ontains a ealth of detail on e e da life in the it and dist i t of Candia ode n He akleion at the end of Veneian ule. L’ o io, to ou kno ledge, as i st found and studied Ioannis “koulas, a C etan la e ho lo ated Papadopoli’s anus ipt in the Museo Co e in Veni e and su se uentl ade it kno n to the s holasi o unit “koulas, . In , the full anus ipt as pu lished along ith an English t anslaion and o enta P ofesso Alf ed Vin ent of the Uni e sit of “ dne Papadopoli, . This is ho Papadopoli, a eekeepe hi self, des i es the e a i top- a hi es that e e in use in his i e: I C ete these [hi es] e e ea the a e essels si ila to those i hi h le o a d o a ge t ees a e pla ted, though u h s alle a d ith a lid of the sa e ate ial, hi h p ot uded t o i ge s eadth all ou d, fo the ate to u of the essel he it ai ed. At the oto as the usual hole fo the ees to pass i a d out a d at the top the e e e pla ed a u e of s all le gths of ood antenelle [top- a s] t o i ge s i eadth, o top of hi h the pla ed the lid. The ees i side ade thei ho e o s a d a i the usual a i the shape of a fo a ia, ith e e o ata hed to its a . Whe the a ted to ha est the ho e , the ould take out o e a at a i e a d ut out the ho e o i to a la ge dish. Ha i g lea ed the a the ould etu it to its pla e, o i ui g i this a u il the had e o ed t o thi ds of the ho e . The ould lea e the e ai i g a s i ta t as food fo the ees du i g the i te . … At eedi g i e hi h as i Ma a d Ju e, he the [the ees] e e hea d aki g a oise like t u pets sou di g the a h i side the hi es, a d so e ould e s a i g outside the o tai e , the a e hi e ould e p epa ed, the i side of it u ed ith ose a a d good i e, a d ited ith its a s a d o e . To a ds e e i g the ould u o e the hi e, taki g out o e of the a s o hi h the ees e e o ded togethe , aki g su e that the e as a o g the o e of thei ki gs [si ] hi h a e usuall igge tha the othe ees, a d the ould put this a i the e hi e, put o the lid, a d lea e it [i.e. the ne hi e] lose . I the a a t spa e f o hi h the had take the a , the ould put o e of the e pt a s f o the e hi e so as to ill up the spa e. O the follo i g o i g the e hi e ould e al ost full of e l - ed ees, hi h had de a ped f o the old hi e to go to li e i the e o e, a d i a fe da s it ould e o pletel full, a d the ould egi to o st u t the ho e o s o the a s.” T anslaion A. Vin ent, addiions H. Ha issis . p. - ; a kets a e .i a.o g.uk Fig. a Fig. Fig. Fig. d Fig. a. The t adiional C etan V aski hi e, Fig. . An Yps li hi e of the C ladi island of Kea, Fig. Ist ia, Fig. d. Beekeepe I. Tsi inis ith o a le o s f o a op of an ient hi es of Isth ia. This t pe of e a i top- a hi e des i ed Papadopoli as unil e entl in use in C ete he e it is kno n as V aski o F aski Fig. a . These hi es gene all used pote lids, e a tl like the ones des i ed Papadopoli, although in so e ases, a stone plate as used instead. Apa t f o C ete, the sa e t pe of hi e alled Yps li as the p e-e inent hi e on the C ladi island of Kea Bikos & Ra ou, ut it dife ed f o the C etan V aski in its handles Fig. hile anothe t pe of e a i top- a hi e as dis o e ed e entl on the island of K thi a Ma of idis, . Ce a i up ight hi es si ila to the t adiional top- a a iet , daing f o Hellenisi i es, e e dis o e ed in Isth ia, nea Ko inthos Ande son-“tojano i & Jones, Fig. . Results of e pe i ental eekeeping ith opies of these an ient hi es Fig. d lea e no dou t that the e e top- a o a le- o hi es Ma of idis, ; Ma of idis, . Hellenisi e a i top- a hi es e e also found and on the island of Agathonissi T iantaf llidis, . Also, an ient hi es, eing dated et een the A hai B.C. and the Hellenisti - B.C. pe iods, f o Athens Ande son-“tojano i & Jones, and f o the islands of Delos C ane, and Chios “uton, ost p o a l elong to the t pe of up ight hi e in uestion. .i a.o g.uk . A op of an an ient hi e f o Photos G. Ma of idis P ehisto i up ight e a i essels of si ila shape, dated et een the th and th entu B.C., dis o e ed in C ete and othe islands of the south Aegean “ea, e e suggested to e eehi es Melas, . The a o e essels, if the a e in fa t hi es e ill not ha e a inal p oof unil thei esidues a e he i all tested ould e top- a hi es Ma of idis, ; Ha issis & Ha issis, .A e a i essel f o the Pala e of Knossos, elonging to a lot onsising of dife ent kinds of eekeeping pa aphe nalia, ut until e entl unidentified as su h an, in all p o a ilit , e ideniied ith a top- a eehi e Ha issis & Ha issis, . Thus, the a o e th entu testi on of Papadopoli elongs to an uninte upted G eek eekeeping p a i e that is at least th ee thousand ea s old. Refere es Ande son-“tojano i , V R; Jones, J E An ient eehi es f o Isth ia, Hespe ia, : . Benton, F Api ultu e in Ge an , A e i a Bee Jou al, : . Bikos, T; Ra ou, E Beehi es of the Aegean Islands, Bee Wo ld, : - . Coton, W C M ee ook, Ri ingston, London. C ane, E The o ld histo of eekeepi g a d ho e hu i g, Du k o th, London. “epte e │Bee Wo ld│ Della Ro a, A T aité o plet su les a eilles. III T., Bleuet P e, Pa is. Galt, J Vo ages a d t a els, i the ea s , a d , Cadell & Da ies, London. Ha issis, H V; Ha issis, A V Api ultu e i the p ehisto i Aegea . Mi oa a d M e aea s ols e isited, B iish A haeologi al Repo ts, O fo d. Ma of idis, G Beekeeping ith o a le- o hi es. A i e-p o en p a i e ith an ient o igins. P o eedi gs of the d Helle i S ie ii Co fe e e i Api ultu e – Se i ultu e, Thessaloniki, p. [in G eek ith an English a st a t]. Ma of idis, G Beekeeping ith opies of an ient hi es: Fi st esults, Melissoko iki Epitheo isi, : [in G eek] Ma of idis, G In sea h of the o a le- o II. The G eek eehi es in the o ks of t a ele s and esea he s, Melissoko iki Epitheo isi, : [in G eek]. Melas, M The ethnog aph of Minoan and M enaean eekeeping, Aegaeu , : . Papadopoli, ) L’ o io i e of leisu e . Me o ies of se e tee th- e tu C ete, Edited ith an English t anslaion Alf ed Vin ent, Helleni Insitute of B zanine and Post-B zanine “tudies, Veni e. “koulas, I L’o io – Pado a na el the C etan e o ies of Ioannis Ko ninos Papadopoli, P akika is Akadi ias Athi o , : [in G eek ith a F en h su a ]. “pon, J Vo age d’ Italie, de Dal aie, de G e e, et du Le a t, Fait és a ées & . III T., Antoine Cellie les ils, A L on. “uton, R F Ce a i e iden e fo setle ent and land use in the Geo et i to Hellenisi pe iods. La ds ape a haeolog as lo g-te histo : No the Keos i the C ladi Isla ds f o ea liest setle e t u il ode i es, Uni e sit of Califo nia, Los Angeles, pp. . Tho pson, C The t a els of the Late Cha les Tho pso Es ; III Vol., Ne e & Mi kle ighe, Reading. T iantaf llidis, P The isla d of Agatho issi. The e a aio s i Kast aki , No a hiaki Atodioikisi Dodekanisou, Athina [in G eek]. Whele , G A jou e i to G ee e, Cade an, London. •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• E a Cra e Me orial A ard No an Ca e k The a ual E a C a e Me o ial P ize is a a ded to the est, ost i o ai e a d s ie ii all e ii g, a i le pu lished i the Jou nal of Api ultu al Resea h, as judged the u e t i te aio al pa el of Edito s. •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• The inning pape fo is the o iginal esea h a i le: Nose a e a ae de elop ent in Apis ellife a: inluen e of diet and infe i e ino ulu The autho s a e: Ma ín Po ini, Edga do “a lo, “and a Medi i, Paula Ga ido, Da ío Po ini, Da iani Natalia and Ma ín Egua as of the Uni e sidad Na ional de Ma del Plata, A genina. The S ie e To in esigate the efe t of the nut iional ondiion of the hone ee on the de elop ent of Nose a e a ae unde la o ato ondiions, ne l e e ged ees e e onined and fed on th ee ad li itu diets: high f u tose o n s up HFC“ + f esh ee ead; HFC“ + a o e ial i tu e of a ino a id and ita in, and HFC“. On da post-e e gen e, ees f o ea h diet t eat ent e e indi iduall infe ted ith se e al ates of spo es of N. e a ae. At inte als, ee │Bee Wo ld│“epte e idguts e e e o ed to indi iduall uanif the spo es de eloped. The esults indi ate that the pa asite uliplies su essfull ega dless of the ino ulu gi en o the nut iional status of its host. When ees a e fed on pollen, ho e e , the pa asite de elops ui kl , e hi iing signifi antl highe intensities than unde othe t eat ents. The longe it of infe ted ees fed on the sa e diet as not afe ted the deg ee of pa asiis , ut the ualit of the ad li itu diet ad iniste ed. The data de onst ate a pa asite de elop ent that depends on host- ondiion. This should e onside ed hen designing e pe i ents to e aluate the de elop ent and i ulen e of this pathogen. The resear hers Marí Porri i e ei ed a a helo 's deg ee in Biologi al “ ien es at the Naional Uni e sit of Ma del Plata, A genina in . He is u entl a PhD student, o king on finding alte nati e su stan es fo the ont ol of Nose a. The ai of his la o ato and ield esea h is to de elop .i a.o g.uk p odu ts ainl of natu al o igin hi h afe t the en i on ent as litle as possi le, and take into a ount inte a ions et een the pa asite, the d ug ole ules and the ph siologi al status of the host. His esea h fo uses not onl on i p o e ents in hi e p odu ion, ut also lea ning a out ho these o ganis s espond to en i on ental fa to s. O e the last t ent ea s, The Arthropods La oratory, U i ersidad Na io al de Mar del Plata, Bue os Aires, Arge i a, di e ted D Ma ín Egua as, has een doing esea h on a nu e of eekeeping p o le s. F o the outset, esea hes ha e fo used on in easing kno ledge to p o ide p a i al soluions fo eekeepe s, as ell as iniiaing esea h in dife ent ne lines of o k that ont i ute to asi s ien e too. The esults o tained, a out di e se topi s elated to ee health, ha e een disse inated in ooks, s ienii jou nals, p oto ols and othe efe en e o ks. D Egua as is on in ed that it is possi le to in o po ate a p og a e of Integ ated Pest Manage ent in p odu i e eekeeping, and e entl the e has een u h p og ess in a eas su h as ee ph siolog and i unit , ioindi ato s, ite esistan e, pesi ide esidue anal sis, and ont ol st ategies fo the p in ipal pests and pathogens that th eaten hone ees. In a ount su h as A genina, ith dife ent needs and s a e esou es, the g oup has de eloped an a iious p og a e of e tension o k, p o iding a ide ange of ou ses, p o oing the link et een the p odu e s and s ienists, and p o iding te hni al and s ienii ad i e to se e al naional and inte naional insituions. A eas of esea h at the A th opods La o ato in lude: onito ing and ont ol of Va oosis D Jo ge Ma angeli, .i a.o g.uk D “e gio Ruinengo, D Maias Maggi, D Natalia Da iani, and Gusta o Velis ; onito ing and ont ol of A e i an foul ood D Liesel Gende, D “and a Fuselli and Natalia Fe nandez ; onito ing and ont ol of Nose osis D Ga iel “a lo and Ma in Po ini ; esidues in hi e p odu ts D “and a Medi i ; ee ph siolog and nut iion D Ga iel “a lo, Melisa Ga ido, Pete Ped o Neg i, D “and a Medi i, D Natalia Da iani , and pollinaion Leona do De Feudis and Fio ella Del Piano . A eas in de elop ent in lude: the stud of p o ioi s in eekeeping and thei elationship ith ee health and disease tole an e; the use of ees as en i on ental io onito s in luding the dete ination of hea etals and pesti ides; and o pute si ulaion of hone ee olonies Ma io Migueles . Refere es Po ini, M P; “a lo, E G; Medi i, “ K; Ga ido, P M; Po ini, D P; Da iani, N; Egua as, M J Nose a e a ae de elop ent in Apis ellife a: Inluen e of diet and infe i e ino ulu . Jou al of Api ultu al Resea h : - . htp://d .doi.o g/ / /IBRA. . . . ••••••••••••••••••••••••• “epte e │Bee Wo ld│ 

A 7th Ce tury Tesi o y O The Use Of Cera i Top- ar Hi es H V Ha issis and G. Ma of idis, G ee e Ha ala pos V Ha issis is an assistant p ofesso of “u ge and Geo gios Ma f of idis is an a haeologist and a eekeepe . Both a e passionate a out the histo and ethnolog of eekeeping in G ee e and the Easte n Medite anean. •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Fig. . G eek top a hi e as illust ated in “i Geo ge Whele ’s ook: A jou e i to G ee e pu lished T Cade an in London in . The t adiional asket top- a o a le- o hi es of G ee e, kno n as G eek eehi es , a e onside ed the fo e unne s of the ode n hi es ith o a le f a es that a e ainl used toda C ane, . The oldest kno n iten efe en es to top- a hi es a e those of the F en h do to Ja o “pon, and of the English onnoisseu and otanist “i Geo ge Whele , ho, du ing a joint t ip in , sa asket top- a hi es in use onks in a onaste on ount H etus, nea Athens. T o ea s late , “pon pu lished, in L on, the e oi s of his t a els, he e he in luded a sho t efe en e to these hi es. He as follo ed “i Geo ge Whele , ho, in his ook pu lished in , in luded an anal i al and length des ipion of the hi es as ell as a d a ing ig. . The i ke top- a hi es of Ai a a e also enioned Cha les Tho pson . His t a els ho e e , p o ed to e i ional and as fa as the hi es of H etus a e on e ned, he see s to e op ing Whele Ma of idis, . In A ot Della Ro a f o “ os ased on tesi onies of othe s, des i ed the o en top- a hi es hi h e e used in his i e on the island of C ete. The e also e ist th ee o e efe en es to top- a asket hi es f o the th entu Galt, ; Coton, ; Benton, . All of the a o e efe en es on e n o en top- a hi es. He e e p esent a uni ue – and thus fa unkno n in eekeeping lite atu e – testi on of a e a i a iant of the t adiional top- a hi es used in G ee e that onsitutes the oldest kno n tesi on to su h a p a i e. In the losing ea s of the se enteenth entu a ea -old efugee alled )uanne Papadopoli, ho had led │Bee Wo ld│“epte e f o his ho eland in C ete efo e its on uest the Oto ans in , de ided to ite his e oi s in his adopted it of Padua. L’o io Ti e of Leisu e , as he na ed his anus ipt, ontains a ealth of detail on e e da life in the it and dist i t of Candia ode n He akleion at the end of Veneian ule. L’ o io, to ou kno ledge, as i st found and studied Ioannis “koulas, a C etan la e ho lo ated Papadopoli’s anus ipt in the Museo Co e in Veni e and su se uentl ade it kno n to the s holasi o unit “koulas, . In , the full anus ipt as pu lished along ith an English t anslaion and o enta P ofesso Alf ed Vin ent of the Uni e sit of “ dne Papadopoli, . This is ho Papadopoli, a eekeepe hi self, des i es the e a i top- a hi es that e e in use in his i e: I C ete these [hi es] e e ea the a e essels si ila to those i hi h le o a d o a ge t ees a e pla ted, though u h s alle a d ith a lid of the sa e ate ial, hi h p ot uded t o i ge s eadth all ou d, fo the ate to u of the essel he it ai ed. At the oto as the usual hole fo the ees to pass i a d out a d at the top the e e e pla ed a u e of s all le gths of ood antenelle [top- a s] t o i ge s i eadth, o top of hi h the pla ed the lid. The ees i side ade thei ho e o s a d a i the usual a i the shape of a fo a ia, ith e e o ata hed to its a . Whe the a ted to ha est the ho e , the ould take out o e a at a i e a d ut out the ho e o i to a la ge dish. Ha i g lea ed the a the ould etu it to its pla e, o i ui g i this a u il the had e o ed t o thi ds of the ho e . The ould lea e the e ai i g a s i ta t as food fo the ees du i g the i te . … At eedi g i e hi h as i Ma a d Ju e, he the [the ees] e e hea d aki g a oise like t u pets sou di g the a h i side the hi es, a d so e ould e s a i g outside the o tai e , the a e hi e ould e p epa ed, the i side of it u ed ith ose a a d good i e, a d ited ith its a s a d o e . To a ds e e i g the ould u o e the hi e, taki g out o e of the a s o hi h the ees e e o ded togethe , aki g su e that the e as a o g the o e of thei ki gs [si ] hi h a e usuall igge tha the othe ees, a d the ould put this a i the e hi e, put o the lid, a d lea e it [i.e. the ne hi e] lose . I the a a t spa e f o hi h the had take the a , the ould put o e of the e pt a s f o the e hi e so as to ill up the spa e. O the follo i g o i g the e hi e ould e al ost full of e l - ed ees, hi h had de a ped f o the old hi e to go to li e i the e o e, a d i a fe da s it ould e o pletel full, a d the ould egi to o st u t the ho e o s o the a s.” T anslaion A. Vin ent, addiions H. Ha issis . p. - ; a kets a e .i a.o g.uk Fig. a Fig. Fig. Fig. d Fig. a. The t adiional C etan V aski hi e, Fig. . An Yps li hi e of the C ladi island of Kea, Fig. Ist ia, Fig. d. Beekeepe I. Tsi inis ith o a le o s f o a op of an ient hi es of Isth ia. This t pe of e a i top- a hi e des i ed Papadopoli as unil e entl in use in C ete he e it is kno n as V aski o F aski Fig. a . These hi es gene all used pote lids, e a tl like the ones des i ed Papadopoli, although in so e ases, a stone plate as used instead. Apa t f o C ete, the sa e t pe of hi e alled Yps li as the p e-e inent hi e on the C ladi island of Kea Bikos & Ra ou, ut it dife ed f o the C etan V aski in its handles Fig. hile anothe t pe of e a i top- a hi e as dis o e ed e entl on the island of K thi a Ma of idis, . Ce a i up ight hi es si ila to the t adiional top- a a iet , daing f o Hellenisi i es, e e dis o e ed in Isth ia, nea Ko inthos Ande son-“tojano i & Jones, Fig. . Results of e pe i ental eekeeping ith opies of these an ient hi es Fig. d lea e no dou t that the e e top- a o a le- o hi es Ma of idis, ; Ma of idis, . Hellenisi e a i top- a hi es e e also found and on the island of Agathonissi T iantaf llidis, . Also, an ient hi es, eing dated et een the A hai B.C. and the Hellenisti - B.C. pe iods, f o Athens Ande son-“tojano i & Jones, and f o the islands of Delos C ane, and Chios “uton, ost p o a l elong to the t pe of up ight hi e in uestion. .i a.o g.uk . A op of an an ient hi e f o Photos G. Ma of idis P ehisto i up ight e a i essels of si ila shape, dated et een the th and th entu B.C., dis o e ed in C ete and othe islands of the south Aegean “ea, e e suggested to e eehi es Melas, . The a o e essels, if the a e in fa t hi es e ill not ha e a inal p oof unil thei esidues a e he i all tested ould e top- a hi es Ma of idis, ; Ha issis & Ha issis, .A e a i essel f o the Pala e of Knossos, elonging to a lot onsising of dife ent kinds of eekeeping pa aphe nalia, ut until e entl unidentified as su h an, in all p o a ilit , e ideniied ith a top- a eehi e Ha issis & Ha issis, . Thus, the a o e th entu testi on of Papadopoli elongs to an uninte upted G eek eekeeping p a i e that is at least th ee thousand ea s old. Refere es Ande son-“tojano i , V R; Jones, J E An ient eehi es f o Isth ia, Hespe ia, : . Benton, F Api ultu e in Ge an , A e i a Bee Jou al, : . Bikos, T; Ra ou, E Beehi es of the Aegean Islands, Bee Wo ld, : - . Coton, W C M ee ook, Ri ingston, London. C ane, E The o ld histo of eekeepi g a d ho e hu i g, Du k o th, London. “epte e │Bee Wo ld│ Della Ro a, A T aité o plet su les a eilles. III T., Bleuet P e, Pa is. Galt, J Vo ages a d t a els, i the ea s , a d , Cadell & Da ies, London. Ha issis, H V; Ha issis, A V Api ultu e i the p ehisto i Aegea . Mi oa a d M e aea s ols e isited, B iish A haeologi al Repo ts, O fo d. Ma of idis, G Beekeeping ith o a le- o hi es. A i e-p o en p a i e ith an ient o igins. P o eedi gs of the d Helle i S ie ii Co fe e e i Api ultu e – Se i ultu e, Thessaloniki, p. [in G eek ith an English a st a t]. Ma of idis, G Beekeeping ith opies of an ient hi es: Fi st esults, Melissoko iki Epitheo isi, : [in G eek] Ma of idis, G In sea h of the o a le- o II. The G eek eehi es in the o ks of t a ele s and esea he s, Melissoko iki Epitheo isi, : [in G eek]. Melas, M The ethnog aph of Minoan and M enaean eekeeping, Aegaeu , : . Papadopoli, ) L’ o io i e of leisu e . Me o ies of se e tee th- e tu C ete, Edited ith an English t anslaion Alf ed Vin ent, Helleni Insitute of B zanine and Post-B zanine “tudies, Veni e. “koulas, I L’o io – Pado a na el the C etan e o ies of Ioannis Ko ninos Papadopoli, P akika is Akadi ias Athi o , : [in G eek ith a F en h su a ]. “pon, J Vo age d’ Italie, de Dal aie, de G e e, et du Le a t, Fait és a ées & . III T., Antoine Cellie les ils, A L on. “uton, R F Ce a i e iden e fo setle ent and land use in the Geo et i to Hellenisi pe iods. La ds ape a haeolog as lo g-te histo : No the Keos i the C ladi Isla ds f o ea liest setle e t u il ode i es, Uni e sit of Califo nia, Los Angeles, pp. . Tho pson, C The t a els of the Late Cha les Tho pso Es ; III Vol., Ne e & Mi kle ighe, Reading. T iantaf llidis, P The isla d of Agatho issi. The e a aio s i Kast aki , No a hiaki Atodioikisi Dodekanisou, Athina [in G eek]. Whele , G A jou e i to G ee e, Cade an, London. •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• E a Cra e Me orial A ard No an Ca e k The a ual E a C a e Me o ial P ize is a a ded to the est, ost i o ai e a d s ie ii all e ii g, a i le pu lished i the Jou nal of Api ultu al Resea h, as judged the u e t i te aio al pa el of Edito s. •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• The inning pape fo is the o iginal esea h a i le: Nose a e a ae de elop ent in Apis ellife a: inluen e of diet and infe i e ino ulu The autho s a e: Ma ín Po ini, Edga do “a lo, “and a Medi i, Paula Ga ido, Da ío Po ini, Da iani Natalia and Ma ín Egua as of the Uni e sidad Na ional de Ma del Plata, A genina. The S ie e To in esigate the efe t of the nut iional ondiion of the hone ee on the de elop ent of Nose a e a ae unde la o ato ondiions, ne l e e ged ees e e onined and fed on th ee ad li itu diets: high f u tose o n s up HFC“ + f esh ee ead; HFC“ + a o e ial i tu e of a ino a id and ita in, and HFC“. On da post-e e gen e, ees f o ea h diet t eat ent e e indi iduall infe ted ith se e al ates of spo es of N. e a ae. At inte als, ee │Bee Wo ld│“epte e idguts e e e o ed to indi iduall uanif the spo es de eloped. The esults indi ate that the pa asite uliplies su essfull ega dless of the ino ulu gi en o the nut iional status of its host. When ees a e fed on pollen, ho e e , the pa asite de elops ui kl , e hi iing signifi antl highe intensities than unde othe t eat ents. The longe it of infe ted ees fed on the sa e diet as not afe ted the deg ee of pa asiis , ut the ualit of the ad li itu diet ad iniste ed. The data de onst ate a pa asite de elop ent that depends on host- ondiion. This should e onside ed hen designing e pe i ents to e aluate the de elop ent and i ulen e of this pathogen. The resear hers Marí Porri i e ei ed a a helo 's deg ee in Biologi al “ ien es at the Naional Uni e sit of Ma del Plata, A genina in . He is u entl a PhD student, o king on finding alte nati e su stan es fo the ont ol of Nose a. The ai of his la o ato and ield esea h is to de elop .i a.o g.uk p odu ts ainl of natu al o igin hi h afe t the en i on ent as litle as possi le, and take into a ount inte a ions et een the pa asite, the d ug ole ules and the ph siologi al status of the host. His esea h fo uses not onl on i p o e ents in hi e p odu ion, ut also lea ning a out ho these o ganis s espond to en i on ental fa to s. O e the last t ent ea s, The Arthropods La oratory, U i ersidad Na io al de Mar del Plata, Bue os Aires, Arge i a, di e ted D Ma ín Egua as, has een doing esea h on a nu e of eekeeping p o le s. F o the outset, esea hes ha e fo used on in easing kno ledge to p o ide p a i al soluions fo eekeepe s, as ell as iniiaing esea h in dife ent ne lines of o k that ont i ute to asi s ien e too. The esults o tained, a out di e se topi s elated to ee health, ha e een disse inated in ooks, s ienii jou nals, p oto ols and othe efe en e o ks. D Egua as is on in ed that it is possi le to in o po ate a p og a e of Integ ated Pest Manage ent in p odu i e eekeeping, and e entl the e has een u h p og ess in a eas su h as ee ph siolog and i unit , ioindi ato s, ite esistan e, pesi ide esidue anal sis, and ont ol st ategies fo the p in ipal pests and pathogens that th eaten hone ees. In a ount su h as A genina, ith dife ent needs and s a e esou es, the g oup has de eloped an a iious p og a e of e tension o k, p o iding a ide ange of ou ses, p o oing the link et een the p odu e s and s ienists, and p o iding te hni al and s ienii ad i e to se e al naional and inte naional insituions. A eas of esea h at the A th opods La o ato in lude: onito ing and ont ol of Va oosis D Jo ge Ma angeli, .i a.o g.uk D “e gio Ruinengo, D Maias Maggi, D Natalia Da iani, and Gusta o Velis ; onito ing and ont ol of A e i an foul ood D Liesel Gende, D “and a Fuselli and Natalia Fe nandez ; onito ing and ont ol of Nose osis D Ga iel “a lo and Ma in Po ini ; esidues in hi e p odu ts D “and a Medi i ; ee ph siolog and nut iion D Ga iel “a lo, Melisa Ga ido, Pete Ped o Neg i, D “and a Medi i, D Natalia Da iani , and pollinaion Leona do De Feudis and Fio ella Del Piano . A eas in de elop ent in lude: the stud of p o ioi s in eekeeping and thei elationship ith ee health and disease tole an e; the use of ees as en i on ental io onito s in luding the dete ination of hea etals and pesti ides; and o pute si ulaion of hone ee olonies Ma io Migueles . Refere es Po ini, M P; “a lo, E G; Medi i, “ K; Ga ido, P M; Po ini, D P; Da iani, N; Egua as, M J Nose a e a ae de elop ent in Apis ellife a: Inluen e of diet and infe i e ino ulu . Jou al of Api ultu al Resea h : - . htp://d .doi.o g/ / /IBRA. . . . ••••••••••••••••••••••••• “epte e │Bee Wo ld│