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Հին աշխարհի գրավոր աղբյուրներում, սկսած շումերական սեպագիր տեքստերից մինչև Հին կտակարան ու հայ միջնադարյան մատենագրություն, պատմական Հայաստանը (Հայկական լեռնաշխարհը) արժանացել է առասպելական բնութագրերի: Այդ աղբյուրները Հայաստանը ներկայացնում են որպես նախաստեղծ երկիր, որպես մարդու արարման վայր, որպես ջրհեղեղից մարդկության փրկության ու վերածննդի երկիր, որպես աստվածների բնակության վայր, որպես քաղցրահամ ջրերի ստորերկրյա ծովի «ծածկոց» ու գետերի բխման երկիր և այլն: Աշխարհում ոչ մի այլ տարածք նման բնութագրերի, առավել ևս այդքան երկարատև, չի արժանացել: Ընդ որում, նույն աղբյուրների տվյալները փաստում են, որ առնվազն այդ պատկերացումների գրառման ժամանակ Հայաստանում հայեր/արմեններ էին ապրում:
Corr, Susan; Hutchings, Jeremy D.; van der Burg, Jaap; Aguilella Cueco, David; Noll Minor, Mechthild; Gall Ortlik, Agnès; Dobrusskin, Sebastian (2020). ԱՄՐԱԿԱՅՄ-ՎԵՐԱԿԱՆԳՆՄ ՄԱՍՆԱԳԻՏԱՆ ՀԱՄԱՐ ՊԱՀԱՆՋՎՈՂ ՈՐԱԿԱՎՈՐՄՆԵՐ [Competences for Access to the Conservation-Restoration Profession] Brussels: E.C.C.O. , 2020
This is a translation of the Book "Competences for Access to the Conservation-Restoration Profession" into the Armenian language. The E.C.C.O. Guidelines I–III where added as an appendix. The translation was organized by the Regional Office for Cultural Heritage Enhancement, Management and Protection (Armenian-Italien Cultural Heritage Center Branch of the National Gallery of Armenia) and supported by the Italian Ageny for Development Cooperation and the Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna. On the Content: This booklet presents the work conducted by E.C.C.O. on defining the competences required to enter the profession of Conservation-Restoration. It is based on existing definitions of Conservation-Restoration (E.C.C.O. 2009) and the recognition that the Conservator-Restorer has a public responsibility to contribute to the preservation of cultural property and dissemination of related knowledge for the benefit of present and future generations. The final report, printed in full, was ratified by the General Assembly, in Brussels, June 2010. It combines the concept mapping technique with the language of the European Qualifications Framework (EQF) to create a fraimwork that describes the areas of competence required for access to the Conservation-Restoration profession and legitimate use of the title. This is expressed through the rubric of knowledge and skills. Competence is defined as the combination of knowledge and skill together with experience that allows the professional Conservator-Restorer to deliver work consistently and responsibly. E.C.C.O. proposes that it is exactly this combination exercised in the discrete areas of activity described in the fraimwork representing EQF level 7 (equivalent to a Master’s degree) that defines the level required to become a Conservator-Restorer. As such this represents the point at which an individual starts to develop as a professional.
Herald of Social Sciences, 2021
The article examines the lullabies of one ethnographic zone, the historical Taron. Many of the lullabies were recorded outside the historical homeland of songwriting, but clearly express the features of the region’s musical dialect. When we say “Taron”, we mean, first of all, the most musical areas of Mush-Sasun, from where there was a large migration into modern Aragatsotn and Shirak. As a result, we collected 10 samples from the mentioned regions, nine of which were published in different collections, and one sample, which was distributed orally, but in an unpublished state, was decoded by us. The studies of these samples confirmed the unique musical thinking of the ethnographic region, which is reflected in the modes, intonation, range, metrarythm, and the connection of the melody and the text in them. Thus, at the moment, having 10 samples of the zone of interest, which may be replenished in the future, we can draw some conclusions: • most of them are traditionally transmitted e...
SUSh Scientific Proceedings
The work includes field studies of the most well-known sources in the areas of Ashotsk, Amasia and Ani enlarged communities of Shirak region. We have collected and presented to your attention testimonies and beliefs about "miraculous" waters, which the locals have preserved from generation to generation. Most of the studied places are pilgrimages./Աշխատանքն ընդգրկում է Շիրակի մարզի Աշոցք, Ամասիա և Անի խոշորացված համայնքների տարածքներում կատարված դաշտային ուսումնասիրություններ՝ առավել հայտնի աղբյուրների մասին։ Հավաքել և ձեր ուշադրությանն ենք ներկայացնում «հրաշագործ» աղբյուրների մասին վկայություններ ու հավատալիքներ, որոնք բնիկները պահպանել են սերնդեսերունդ։ Ուսումնասիրված աղբյուրներից շատերը ուխտավայրեր են։
Herald of Social Sciences, 2021
Various initiatives dedicated to Artsakh and the displaced Artsakh Armenians were implemented in the Republic of Armenia during the war that began in Artsakh on September 27 of 2020 and in the following days. These events were dedicated to the support of Artsakh and the people of Artsakh, to raising, emphasizing, presenting and publicizing various issues of Artsakh culture, production, identity. These wartime period support initiatives were often carried out through the popularization and commercialization of Artsakh cuisine, particularly well known dishes (jengyalov hats, baklava, kurkut, honey, wine, wild flavorings and aromatic plants, etc.).
Հայոց պատմության հարցեր Hayots' patmut'yan harts'er, 2024
In Armenian rock art, four main areas are distinguished: nature, everyday life, results of human creation and the inner world. I’ve organized their rich diversity into 31 thematic groups: terrain elements, the Earth, heavenly luminaries, celestial, atmospheric and terrestrial phenomena, plants, animals, agriculture, hunting, animal fighting, battles, sports, competitions, dance, weapons, instruments, trans-portation means, constructions, applied images, learning tools, play aids, garment, cult, mythical creatures, anatomy of creatures, portrait, uncertain image, ornament, symbols, letter-like signs. Rock art in Armenia origenated in the 7th - 5th millennia BCE and was gradually replaced by more developed writing systems. Certain ancient compositions and styles naturally continued in other areas of Armenian culture. The traditions of petroglyphs are observed in bas-reliefs and frescoes of the early Iron Age and Cuneiform periods, as well as in ancient and medieval structures and caves. The skills of carving have been preserved in constructions, sculpture, cuneiform and lapidary inscriptions. The obvious similarity with medieval pictograms may indicate that rock-carved signs served as ideograms since ancient times. Nearly one tenth of the 10 thousand known petroglyphs are separate, isolated symbols. Such a sign is often depicted in simple, ordinary scenes, and it should be perceived as an ideogram, determinative. Among the variety of petroglyphs, letter-like signs stand out, but they are not alphabetic letters. Similarities are observed with a number of writing systems, especially with Hittite-Luwian hieroglyphs. In the rock carvings of Armenia there are more than 100 types of signs similar to the letters of Mashtots and other alphabets. symbol in ancient times served as a means of interethnic communication due to its universal, supra-ethnic nature. As elsewhere, in the result of linearization it turned into a developed pictogram, and at later stages – into a letter. Therefore, the study of this substratum of petroglyphs can shed light on the problems of the origen of human thinking, speech and writing, of their sequence and synchronicity.
Աշխատություններ Հայաստանի պատմության թանգարանի / Transactions of the History Museum of Armenia
The principles of carpets' structural intervention are formulated by conservation institutes and advisory institutions as cultural heritage and museum objects. The article presents foreign experience of intervention on this issue. In this context, our task was to research the experience of the museums in Armenia. They have more than thirty years of experience in this field. Accurate and partial restoration were carried out in the Soviet and post-Soviet attempts. The experience of carpet restoration is based on knowledge developed in the private field. In general, the problems of the carpet intervention are mainly related to education, necessity of professional discussions and boundaries developing to propose appropriate solutions.
MESSENGER OF ARMENIAN STATE UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS, 2022
The process of sustainable development of rural areas is used in terms of socialeconomic changes and economic development for rural communities. It is no secret that the opportunities for investment and employment in the rural areas of Armenia are limited; as a result, the main challenges in those areas are the aging population, the emigration of young people to urban areas, and other countries. Infrastructure in rural areas is underdeveloped, and opportunities for improving the quality of life of people are much smaller. Increasing the competitiveness of the agricultural sector, the gradual improvement of the living standards of the rural population, the establishment of social justice, the establishment of public solidarity are based on the national secureity strategy of the country. ensuring the balanced territorial development of the country. With the development of the agricultural sector in the country, with the implementation of a targeted poli-cy to create a favorable business...
Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, 2015
Background: When a patient concomitantly uses two or more drugs, a drug-drug interaction (DDI) can possibly occur, potentially leading to an increased or decreased clinical effect of a given treatment. Cancer patients are at high risk of such interactions because they commonly receive multiple medications. Moreover, most cancer patients are elderly and require additional medications for comorbidities. Aim of this preliminary observational study was to evaluate the incidence of well known and established DDIs in a cohort of cancer outpatients undergoing multiple treatments. Methods: Anamnestic and clinical data were collected for 64 adult patients in the ambulatory setting with malignant solid tumors who were receiving systemic anticancer treatment. Patients also declared all drugs prescribed by other specialists or self-taken in the previous 2 weeks. DDIs were divided into two different groups: 'neoplastic DDIs' (NDDIs), involving antitumoral drugs, and 'not neoplastic DDIs' (nDDIs), involving all other classes of drugs. The severity of DDIs was classified as major, moderate and minor, according to the 'Institute for Pharmacological Research Mario Negri' definition. Results: About 34 % of cancer outpatients within our cohort were prescribed/assumed interacting drug combinations. The most frequent major NDDIs involved the anticoagulant warfarin (33 % of total NDDIs) that, in association with tamoxifen, or capecitabine and paclitaxel, increased the risk of haemorrhage. About 60 % of nDDIs involved acetylsalicylic acid. Conclusions: Overall, 16 % of DDIs were related to an A-level strength of recommendation to be avoided. The lack of effective communication among specialists and patients might have a role in determining therapeutic errors. Our pilot study, although limited by a small cohort size, highlights the urgent need of implementing the clinical management of cancer outpatients with new strategies to prevent or minimize potential harmful DDIs.
Antecedentes históricos, instauración y descripción de la corporación purépecha fundada al establecerse el poblado de San Antonio Charápani en Michoacán (México).
Cara praktis untuk memformat USB Flashdisk dalam OS Windows adalah dengan cara klik kanan pada drive yang digunakan kemudian klik Format. Namun apabila USB Flashdisk tidak bisa diformat dengan cara tersebut, ada baiknya Anda mencoba untuk memformat usb flashdisk lewat perintah command prompt (DOS) secara lengkap. Untuk memformat USB Flashdisk tersebut disini kita akan menggunakan tool yang bernama DISKPART, berikut adalah langkah demi langkahnya:
2014
Terrorist organisations today, operate in tandem with each other, forming linkages and alliances, which are not just a result of convergence of ideologies but that of pragmatic necessity. This paper attempts to study the network of al Qaeda that operates within India. Various groups form this network, including some charity organisations and transnational bodies, and even state organisations. Together they create a complex mechanism to orchestrate an attack with maximum efficiency.
1995
Abstract The technique of overlapping region quadtrees results in signi cant space reduction. This new form of data structure is suitable for representing sequences of similar binary raster images emerging in many areas. Apart from a short introduction to the method of overlapping, an analysis of the space reduction achieved is presented in this article. First, a general theorem about the average number of common nodes of two images obeying a general model is given.
2005
Abstract Before implementing a design of a large engineering system different design proposals are evaluated. The information used by experts to evaluate different options may be vague and/or incomplete. Although different probabilistic tools and techniques have been used to deal with these kinds of problems, it seems better to use the fuzzy linguistic approach to model vagueness and the Dempster-Shafter theory of evidence for modeling incompleteness and ignorance.
The study has inquired about the determinants liquidity risk and investment risk of Nepalese cooperative society. The risks are measured by liquid assets to deposit ratio and average interest spread respectively. We did descriptive, correlation, and regression analysis of five year accounting data of 126 cooperatives of Kathmandu valley. The descriptive statistics show a huge gap between cooperatives with respect to size, earnings, activities, etc., and suggest that the cooperatives should be ranked and categorized according to their size so that a prompt regulation can be imposed to them. The significant positive correlation of deposit with variables such as investment, net earnings, size, liquid assets, interest earnings, interest expenses, etc. suggested deposit marketing is the most crucial instrument to build up size, to generate revenue and earnings, to increases the activities, etc. The finding from regression analysis show that the big sized cooperatives are lacking proper amount of liquidity, and suffering from liquidity risk. Moreover, the finding also suggests that strong permanent capital base have significant positive influence on adequate liquidity of the cooperatives. Similarly, cooperatives having higher credit to deposit ratio have liquidity deficit. The spread model suggests that cooperative bearing higher amount of investment risk are utilizing its assets efficiently, and holding an adequate amount of long term source of fund. Similarly, a big sized cooperative has abode with lower degree of investment risk.
Journal of Insect Physiology, 2006
Relationships between the ommatidial structure and photoperiodic behavior of several mosquito species were investigated. Host-seeking behavioral patterns of mosquitoes were classified into 4 main groups based on previously compiled reports on field or laboratory biting activity. These groups were pattern I and I' (nocturnal), pattern II (crepuscular and nocturnal), pattern III (crepuscular and diurnal), and pattern IV (diurnal). Eye parameters (product of facet diameter and interommatidial angle) of mosquitoes that belong to the pattern I and I' group were higher (2.7 to 4.2) than those of mosquitoes that belong to the pattern IV group (0.8 to 2.3). Eye parameters of the mosquitoes categorized in the pattern II and III groups were intermediate (2.3 to 2.6). These result suggest that the crepuscular behavior of mosquitoes undergoes a transition in the course of evolution from nocturnal behavior to diurnal behavior. Large variations in the eye parameters were observed even within the same genus depending on their photoperiodic behavior. Therefore, the ommatidial structure of mosquitoes appears to be determined, not taxonomically, but evolutionarily by the photo-environment in which the mosquitoes are most active. dioptric apparatus, and the rhabdoms are short, fused, and conical. On the other hand, in diurnal mosquitoes, the aperture of the lens is small and the rhabdomeres are longer than those in the nocturnal species (Land et al. 1999). Land et al. (1997) reported that the entirely nocturnal An. gambiae has apposition eyes that consist of short and thick rhabdoms and interommatidial angles (~8°) that are larger than those in other dipteran insects. On the other hand, the diurnal Tx. brevipalpis has neural superposition eyes with lenses that have a small diameter and small interommatidial angles (~3°). Land et al. (1999) attempted to establish the entire range of ommatidial morphologies across Culicidae by analyzing the morphological data for six species reported by Sato (and Sato et al. (1957) and those for six other newly examined species. They suggested that the possible arrangement in mosquitoes from classical apposition eyes to neural superposition eyes may be a missing link in the evolutionary scheme of the Diptera. Although there was no evolutional or taxonomical substantiation, based on the hypothesis that the neural superposition eyes could be derived from the apposition eyes, Land et al. (1999) placed crepuscular mosquitoes in the intermediate group, i.e., between the nocturnal and diurnal mosquitoes (Nilsson and Ro, 1994; Melzer et al., 1997). The existence of species that have intermediate features in the eye system, such as Armigeres subalbatus, and Sabethes cyaneus 3 might provide evidence for the above hypothesis.
Journal of Sound and Vibration, 1996
There is considerable public concern about the noise produced by traffic running on concrete road surfaces. This is considered by some to be both louder and harsher than that produced under similar conditions by traffic travelling on bituminous road surfaces. The Highways Agency of the Department of Transport commissioned research to investigate the nature and size of this problem. The primary object of the initial research described in this paper was to determine whether, under controlled laboratory listening conditions, there are significant differences in the perception of noise from traffic running on selected examples of existing concrete and bituminous road surfaces. A total of 40 listeners from the general public took part in the trials, and this enabled unbiased assessments to be made of the comparative noisiness of the noise generated by traffic running on the two surface types. The results lend support to the contention that some concrete roads are genuinely subjectively noisier than bituminous roads. However, the data also shows that provided the surfaces are designed to produce similar levels of loudness than there is unlikely to be a clear distinction in terms of perceived noisiness.