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<section id="floating-point-error-handling">
<span id="fp-error-handling"></span><h1>Floating point error handling<a class="headerlink" href="#floating-point-error-handling" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h1>
<p>Error handling settings are stored in <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/contextvars.html#module-contextvars" title="(in Python v3.14)"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">contextvars</span></code></a>
allowing different threads or async tasks to have independent configurations.
For more information, see <a class="reference internal" href="thread_safety.html#thread-safety"><span class="std std-ref">Thread Safety</span></a>.</p>
<section id="how-numpy-handles-numerical-exceptions">
<span id="misc-error-handling"></span><h2>How numpy handles numerical exceptions<a class="headerlink" href="#how-numpy-handles-numerical-exceptions" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>The default is to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'warn'</span></code> for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">invalid</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">divide</span></code>, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">overflow</span></code>
and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'ignore'</span></code> for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">underflow</span></code>. But this can be changed, and it can be
set individually for different kinds of exceptions. The different behaviors
are:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'ignore'</span></code> : Take no action when the exception occurs.</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'warn'</span></code> : Print a <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/exceptions.html#RuntimeWarning" title="(in Python v3.14)"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RuntimeWarning</span></code></a> (via the Python <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/warnings.html#module-warnings" title="(in Python v3.14)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">warnings</span></code></a> module).</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'raise'</span></code> : Raise a <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/exceptions.html#FloatingPointError" title="(in Python v3.14)"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FloatingPointError</span></code></a>.</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'call'</span></code> : Call a specified function.</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'print'</span></code> : Print a warning directly to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stdout</span></code>.</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'log'</span></code> : Record error in a Log object.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>These behaviors can be set for all kinds of errors or specific ones:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">all</span></code> : apply to all numeric exceptions</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">invalid</span></code> : when NaNs are generated</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">divide</span></code> : divide by zero (for integers as well!)</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">overflow</span></code> : floating point overflows</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">underflow</span></code> : floating point underflows</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note that integer divide-by-zero is handled by the same machinery.</p>
<p>The error handling mode can be configured <a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.errstate.html#numpy.errstate" title="numpy.errstate"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">numpy.errstate</span></code></a>
context manager.</p>
</section>
<section id="examples">
<h2>Examples<a class="headerlink" href="#examples" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">errstate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">all</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'warn'</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">zeros</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">float32</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mf">0.0</span>
<span class="go"><python-input-1>:2: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in divide</span>
<span class="go">array([nan, nan, nan, nan, nan], dtype=float32)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">errstate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">under</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'ignore'</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="mf">1.e-100</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="mi">10</span>
<span class="go">array([0.])</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">errstate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">invalid</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'raise'</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sqrt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1.</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="gp">...</span>
<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
File <span class="nb">"<python-input-1>"</span>, line <span class="m">2</span>, in <span class="n"><module></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sqrt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1.</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="pm">~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^</span>
<span class="gr">FloatingPointError</span>: <span class="n">invalid value encountered in sqrt</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">errorhandler</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">errstr</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">errflag</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"saw stupid error!"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">errstate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">call</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">errorhandler</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">all</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'call'</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">zeros</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">int32</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="go">saw stupid error!</span>
<span class="go">array([nan, nan, nan, nan, nan])</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="setting-and-getting-error-handling">
<h2>Setting and getting error handling<a class="headerlink" href="#setting-and-getting-error-handling" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<div class="pst-scrollable-table-container"><table class="autosummary longtable table autosummary">
<tbody>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.seterr.html#numpy.seterr" title="numpy.seterr"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">seterr</span></code></a>([all, divide, over, under, invalid])</p></td>
<td><p>Set how floating-point errors are handled.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.geterr.html#numpy.geterr" title="numpy.geterr"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">geterr</span></code></a>()</p></td>
<td><p>Get the current way of handling floating-point errors.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.seterrcall.html#numpy.seterrcall" title="numpy.seterrcall"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">seterrcall</span></code></a>(func)</p></td>
<td><p>Set the floating-point error callback function or log object.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.geterrcall.html#numpy.geterrcall" title="numpy.geterrcall"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">geterrcall</span></code></a>()</p></td>
<td><p>Return the current callback function used on floating-point errors.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.errstate.html#numpy.errstate" title="numpy.errstate"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">errstate</span></code></a>(**kwargs)</p></td>
<td><p>Context manager for floating-point error handling.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
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