This Review discusses the diversity of human fibroblasts, including their embryonic origen and precursor populations, and highlights their crucial role in orchestrating organ function and modulating immune responses in healthy and disease contexts.

This Perspective discusses the emerging cellular roles of lysine lactylation, with a focus on the lactyl-CoA-independent pathway, and highlights the potential strategies of targeting lactylation for the treatment of associated human diseases.

This Review discusses the role of phosphatidylinositol phosphates and their modifying enzymes in modulating cell motility and adhesion and emphasizes the potential of targeting the associated pathways for therapeutic benefit.

Arya et al. report that migrating neutrophils resolve acute inflammation by releasing exosomes associated with nuclear DNA. This process is distinct from the release of neutrophil extracellular traps, and relies on the lamin B receptor.

Hsu, Wang, Manne et al. identify ALDH4A1 as a component of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier complex, which plays a non-canonical role in regulating pyruvate homeostasis in mitochondria, TCA cycle entry and tumour suppression.

Skowyra and Rapoport find that peroxisomal proteins with N-terminal PTS2 signals are imported through a nuclear pore-like conduit by PEX7 and a receptor. PEX7 then returns through the same conduit and is extracted into the cytosol by the chaperone PEX39.

Wei et al. report that MBD2 forms condensates through phase separation in diverse cancers where it assembles the NuRD complex. MBD2 condensates are redox-sensitive and mediate transcriptional repression in cancer cells.

Van Nerum et al. show that dimethyl α-ketoglutarate enhances the production and functional maturation of human trophectoderm-like cells from embryonic stem cells by regulating histone acetyltransferase activity and the pluripotency network.

Abeysundara, Rasnitsyn, Fong et al. report that the presence of leptomeningeal metastatic tumour cells leads to the recruitment and remodelling of fibroblasts, which, in turn, facilitate the colonization and outgrowth of medulloblastoma cells in the leptomeninges.

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