Representatives and Senators in Congress
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After each two-year session of Congress we compile all of our statistics into a report card for each Member of Congress.
2023-2024 · 2021-2022 · 2019-2020 · 2017-2018 · 2015-2016 · 2013-2014
The United States Congress has two chambers, one called the Senate and the other called the House of Representatives (or “House” for short) which share the responsibilities of the legislative process to create federal statutory law. They occupy opposite ends of the Capitol Building.
About the Senate
The United States’s 50 states each elect two senators for staggered six-year terms. A senator represents between 0.6 and 39 million people, depending on their state’s population.
The day-to-day activities of the Senate are controlled largely by the political party holding the most seats, called the “majority party.” Here is a count of senators by party:
Senators by Party
| R | Republicans | 53 |
| D |
Democrats
Includes
2 Independents
who caucus with the Democrats
|
47 |
| Total Seats | 100 |
Although Republicans hold the most seats, they represent just 46.4% of the country’s population because the Senate gives two seats to each state regardless of each state’s population.
The District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the U.S.’s four other island territories — American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the U.S. Virgin Islands — are not represented in the Senate.
Tenure of Senators
The table below shows a breakdown of how many years the senators have been serving in office.
Age and Sex of Senators
50% of senators are men over the age of 59, while only 7% of senators are women 59 years old or younger.
About the House of Representatives
The United States is also divided into 435 congressional districts with a population of about 780,000 each. Each district elects a representative to the House of Representatives for a two-year term.
As in the Senate, the day-to-day activities of the House are controlled by the “majority party.” Here is a count of representatives by party:
Representatives by Party
| R | Republicans | 220 |
| D | Democrats | 213 |
| Vacancies | 2 | |
| Total Seats | 435 |
The 435 congressional districts do not include the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the U.S.’s four other island territories — American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the U.S. Virgin Islands — which each send a non-voting delegate to the House. Puerto Rico’s delegate is called the Resident Commissioner.
Tenure of Representatives
The table below shows a breakdown of how many years the representatives have been serving in office.
Age and Sex of Representatives
33% of representatives are men over the age of 59, while only 18% of representatives are women 59 years old or younger.
