Articles | Volume 16, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-451-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-451-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| Highlight paper
| 
08 Feb 2022
Research article | Highlight paper |
| 08 Feb 2022
| 08 Feb 2022
Layered seawater intrusion and melt under grounded ice
School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
Earle Wilson
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
Helene Seroussi
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
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Cited
22 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The case for a Framework for UnderStanding Ice-Ocean iNteractions (FUSION) in the Antarctic-Southern Ocean system F. McCormack et al. 10.1525/elementa.2024.00036
- Climate intervention on a high-emissions pathway could delay but not prevent West Antarctic Ice Sheet demise J. Sutter et al. 10.1038/s41558-023-01738-w
- Evidence of active subglacial lakes under a slowly moving coastal region of the Antarctic Ice Sheet J. Arthur et al. 10.5194/tc-19-375-2025
- Horizontal force-balance calving laws: Ice shelves, marine- and land-terminating glaciers N. Coffey & C. Lai 10.1017/jog.2025.10068
- Antarctica in 2025: Drivers of deep uncertainty in projected ice loss H. Fricker et al. 10.1126/science.adt9619
- Modeling Ice Melt Rates From Seawater Intrusions in the Grounding Zone of Petermann Gletscher, Greenland R. Gadi et al. 10.1029/2023GL105869
- Widespread seawater intrusions beneath the grounded ice of Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica E. Rignot et al. 10.1073/pnas.2404766121
- Sensitivity of the future evolution of the Wilkes Subglacial Basin ice sheet to grounding-line melt parameterizations Y. Wang et al. 10.5194/tc-18-5117-2024
- Reversal of ocean gyres near ice shelves in the Amundsen Sea caused by the interaction of sea ice and wind Y. Zheng et al. 10.5194/tc-16-3005-2022
- A fast and simplified subglacial hydrological model for the Antarctic Ice Sheet and outlet glaciers E. Kazmierczak et al. 10.5194/tc-18-5887-2024
- Subglacial hydrology modulates basal sliding response of the Antarctic ice sheet to climate forcing E. Kazmierczak et al. 10.5194/tc-16-4537-2022
- Reinforced ridges in Thwaites Glacier yield insights into resolution requirements for coupled ice sheet and solid Earth models L. Houriez et al. 10.5194/tc-19-4355-2025
- Melt rates in the kilometer-size grounding zone of Petermann Glacier, Greenland, before and during a retreat E. Ciracì et al. 10.1073/pnas.2220924120
- Laboratory-scale study of mixed barriers in stratified layers with an inclined ocean aquifer boundary V. Sharma & S. Chakma 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104438
- Antarctica’s ice cliff conundrum A. Robel 10.1126/sciadv.adr5921
- Observations of grounding zones are the missing key to understand ice melt in Antarctica E. Rignot 10.1038/s41558-023-01819-w
- Modes of Antarctic tidal grounding line migration revealed by Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) laser altimetry B. Freer et al. 10.5194/tc-17-4079-2023
- Modeling mixing and melting in laminar seawater intrusions under grounded ice M. Mamer et al. 10.5194/tc-19-3227-2025
- Exploring the utility of the entropy method for classifying household livelihood vulnerability and adaptation strategies to salinity intrusion Impact - empirical evidence in coastal communities of the Vietnamese Mekong delta L. Thanh Dang et al. 10.1016/j.envdev.2023.100912
- Tipping point in ice-sheet grounding-zone melting due to ocean water intrusion A. Bradley & I. Hewitt 10.1038/s41561-024-01465-7
- Spatial and temporal variability of 21st century sea level changes J. Roffman et al. 10.1093/gji/ggad170
- Seasonal variability in Antarctic ice shelf velocities forced by sea surface height variations C. Mosbeux et al. 10.5194/tc-17-2585-2023
22 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The case for a Framework for UnderStanding Ice-Ocean iNteractions (FUSION) in the Antarctic-Southern Ocean system F. McCormack et al. 10.1525/elementa.2024.00036
- Climate intervention on a high-emissions pathway could delay but not prevent West Antarctic Ice Sheet demise J. Sutter et al. 10.1038/s41558-023-01738-w
- Evidence of active subglacial lakes under a slowly moving coastal region of the Antarctic Ice Sheet J. Arthur et al. 10.5194/tc-19-375-2025
- Horizontal force-balance calving laws: Ice shelves, marine- and land-terminating glaciers N. Coffey & C. Lai 10.1017/jog.2025.10068
- Antarctica in 2025: Drivers of deep uncertainty in projected ice loss H. Fricker et al. 10.1126/science.adt9619
- Modeling Ice Melt Rates From Seawater Intrusions in the Grounding Zone of Petermann Gletscher, Greenland R. Gadi et al. 10.1029/2023GL105869
- Widespread seawater intrusions beneath the grounded ice of Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica E. Rignot et al. 10.1073/pnas.2404766121
- Sensitivity of the future evolution of the Wilkes Subglacial Basin ice sheet to grounding-line melt parameterizations Y. Wang et al. 10.5194/tc-18-5117-2024
- Reversal of ocean gyres near ice shelves in the Amundsen Sea caused by the interaction of sea ice and wind Y. Zheng et al. 10.5194/tc-16-3005-2022
- A fast and simplified subglacial hydrological model for the Antarctic Ice Sheet and outlet glaciers E. Kazmierczak et al. 10.5194/tc-18-5887-2024
- Subglacial hydrology modulates basal sliding response of the Antarctic ice sheet to climate forcing E. Kazmierczak et al. 10.5194/tc-16-4537-2022
- Reinforced ridges in Thwaites Glacier yield insights into resolution requirements for coupled ice sheet and solid Earth models L. Houriez et al. 10.5194/tc-19-4355-2025
- Melt rates in the kilometer-size grounding zone of Petermann Glacier, Greenland, before and during a retreat E. Ciracì et al. 10.1073/pnas.2220924120
- Laboratory-scale study of mixed barriers in stratified layers with an inclined ocean aquifer boundary V. Sharma & S. Chakma 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104438
- Antarctica’s ice cliff conundrum A. Robel 10.1126/sciadv.adr5921
- Observations of grounding zones are the missing key to understand ice melt in Antarctica E. Rignot 10.1038/s41558-023-01819-w
- Modes of Antarctic tidal grounding line migration revealed by Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) laser altimetry B. Freer et al. 10.5194/tc-17-4079-2023
- Modeling mixing and melting in laminar seawater intrusions under grounded ice M. Mamer et al. 10.5194/tc-19-3227-2025
- Exploring the utility of the entropy method for classifying household livelihood vulnerability and adaptation strategies to salinity intrusion Impact - empirical evidence in coastal communities of the Vietnamese Mekong delta L. Thanh Dang et al. 10.1016/j.envdev.2023.100912
- Tipping point in ice-sheet grounding-zone melting due to ocean water intrusion A. Bradley & I. Hewitt 10.1038/s41561-024-01465-7
- Spatial and temporal variability of 21st century sea level changes J. Roffman et al. 10.1093/gji/ggad170
- Seasonal variability in Antarctic ice shelf velocities forced by sea surface height variations C. Mosbeux et al. 10.5194/tc-17-2585-2023
Latest update: 12 Oct 2025
Short summary
Warm seawater may intrude as a thin layer below glaciers in contact with the ocean. Mathematical theory predicts that this intrusion may extend over distances of kilometers under realistic conditions. Computer models demonstrate that if this warm seawater causes melting of a glacier bottom, it can cause rates of glacier ice loss and sea level rise to be up to 2 times faster in response to potential future ocean warming.
Warm seawater may intrude as a thin layer below glaciers in contact with the ocean. Mathematical...
